Shampoo Ingredients to Avoid (9 Toxic & Harmful Chemicals)
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Wondering which shampoo ingredients to avoid? Many conventional shampoos contain harsh chemicals that can irritate your scalp, disrupt hormones, or damage your hair over time.
Below are the most common harmful shampoo ingredients—and what to look for instead.
that aren’t obvious from the front label.
Shampoo Ingredients to Avoid
- Parabens
- Sulfates (SLS/SLES)
- Synthetic Fragrance
- Formaldehyde & releasers
- PEG compounds
- DEA, MEA, TEA
- Propylene Glycol
- Artificial dyes
- Drying alcohols
These are the most common shampoo ingredients to avoid—keep reading for why each one matters and how to spot them on labels.
9 Shampoo Ingredients to Avoid
Here are some ingredients you might wish to avoid in your shampoo and other personal care products.
Parabens (Hormone Disruption)
Parabens are preservatives used to extend shelf life in shampoos and other personal care products. Common types include methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, and ethylparaben.
These ingredients have been shown to mimic estrogen in the body, which may contribute to hormone disruption. Some research has also found parabens in breast tissue, raising concerns about their potential long-term effects.
In addition, parabens can sometimes irritate sensitive skin or trigger reactions in people with allergies.
What to look for on labels:
Ingredients ending in “-paraben” (such as methylparaben or propylparaben)
Sulfates (SLS & SLES) (Can Irritate the Scalp)
Sulfates are cleansing agents that create the foamy lather in many shampoos. The most common types are sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES).
While sulfates are effective at removing dirt and oil, they can also strip away your hair’s natural oils. This may lead to dryness, irritation, and a more sensitive scalp—especially for those with eczema, color-treated hair, or curly hair.
What to look for on labels:
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES), Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate (ALS), Sodium Coco-Sulfate (SCS), and variants ending in “sulfate” or “sulfonate.”
Fragrance (Hidden Toxins)
Many products list “fragrance” as a single ingredient, but it can actually represent a mixture of dozens or even hundreds of undisclosed chemicals.
The terms fragrance and/or parfum on a label can include so many toxic ingredients. If you're like me, the smell of artificial fragrance can really give you a headache. Additionally, fragrances in beauty products are one of the most common causes of skin irritation and allergic reactions.
What to look for on labels:
The terms “fragrance” or “parfum.”
Formaldehyde (Carcinogenic)
Formaldehyde (and formaldehyde releasers) are classified as carcinogens that can cause irritation, respiratory issues, allergic reactions, and even hair loss when used in high concentrations. More recent studies link the frequent use of formaldehyde-containing hair straighteners to an increased risk of uterine cancer.
What to look for on labels:
Formalin, Methanal, DMDM hydantoin, Quaternium-15, Imidazolidinyl urea, Diazolidinyl urea, and Sodium hydroxymethylglycinate
Propylene Glycol (Mutagenic & Reproductive Issues)
According to the MSDS, propylene glycol can be mutagenic (that means it affects genetic material) and cause adverse reproductive and birth defects.
What to look for on labels:
1,2-Propanediol, Propane-1,2-diol, or 1,2-Dihydroxypropane. Methyl Glycol, Trimethyl Glycol, or E1520 (in Europe).
Synthetic Dyes and Colors (Potential Toxicity)
Although these dyes are not classified as carcinogens by the WHO and US EPA, there is evidence that they are a big problem. One study found that women who dye their hair regularly are much more likely to develop bladder cancer. Side note: hair highlighting is likely to be less dangerous since the chemicals don't typically go all the way to your scalp.
What to look for on labels:
FD&C, D&C, Color names, CI followed by a number in Europe, Color, Dye, and Coal Tar Dyes.
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds (Toxic Byproducts)
PEGs are made by ethoxylation which uses ethylene oxide (a carcinogen) to react with ingredients to make them less harsh for skin. However, in the process, 1-4 dioxane (a carcinogen) is created and often isn't removed from the final product. There is also some concern about the potentially toxic effects of combinations of PEGS, especially when combined with other ingredients, which of course occurs in shampoos and other haircare products.
What to look for on labels:
Ingredients with “PEG” (like PEG-40, PEG-100), or compounds ending in “-eth” (such as ceteareth, laureth).
Diethanolamine (DEA), MEA, and TEA (Endocrine and Cancer Concerns)
These compounds are used to create foam and adjust pH in shampoos.
These are all endocrine disruptors (hormone-disrupting chemicals) and are known to form cancer-causing compounds called nitrates and nitrosamines. According to Dr. Samuel Epstein, Professor of Environmental Health at the University of Illinois, “repeated skin applications of DEA-based detergents resulted in a major increase in the incidence of two cancers – liver and kidney cancers.”
What to look for on labels:
DEA, Cocamide DEA, Lauramide DEA, DEA-Cetyl Phosphate, or Triethanolamine (TEA), or 2,2′-Dihydroxydiethylamine.
Alcohol (Damaging to Hair)
Alcohol is a solvent and denaturant (meaning it's a poisonous substance that changes the qualities of other natural substances). Isopropyl alcohol has been associated with headaches, flushing, dizziness, depression, nausea, vomiting, and even coma. That sounds terrible, but since the alcohol quickly evaporates on hair, a more realistic concern with putting some alcohols (propanol, isopropanol, and other drying alcohols) is that they can dry out your hair.
Not all alcohols are bad for your hair—fatty alcohols like cetyl, stearyl, and cetearyl alcohol are actually moisturizing and beneficial.
What to look for on labels:
Isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, SD alcohol 40, propanol, and alcohol denat. As mentioned, note that cetyl, stearyl, and cetearyl alcohols are beneficial hydrating agents.
This is all a lot to consider, but it's worth it for better health.
Frequently Asked Questions: Shampoo Ingredients to Avoid
What ingredients should you avoid in shampoo?
The most common shampoo ingredients to avoid include parabens, sulfates (SLS/SLES), synthetic fragrance, formaldehyde and its releasers, PEG compounds, DEA/MEA/TEA, propylene glycol, artificial dyes, and certain drying alcohols. These ingredients may irritate the scalp, dry out hair, or raise health concerns with frequent exposure.
Are sulfates bad for your hair?
Sulfates aren’t inherently “toxic,” but they can be harsh. They strip away natural oils, which may lead to dryness, irritation, and frizz—especially for people with sensitive scalps, curly hair, or color-treated hair.
Is fragrance in shampoo harmful?
Fragrance can be a concern because it often represents a mixture of undisclosed chemicals. For some people, it can trigger headaches, skin irritation, or allergic reactions. Those with sensitivities may benefit from fragrance-free products. In addition, more information is coming out about other health and environmental effects of these chemicals.
What is the safest shampoo to use?
The safest shampoos typically avoid harsh sulfates, parabens, synthetic fragrance, and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives. Look for simpler ingredient lists and brands that are transparent about their formulations.
Are natural shampoos better?
Not always—but many natural shampoos avoid common irritants found in conventional products. The best option depends on your hair type, sensitivities, and what you personally wish to avoid. It may take some trial and error to find what works best for you.
How do I know if my shampoo is toxic?
Check the ingredient label for common problem ingredients like parabens, sulfates, fragrance, and formaldehyde releasers. If you’re unsure, look up unfamiliar ingredients or choose products from brands that prioritize transparency.
How to Avoid Harmful Shampoo Ingredients (Simple Tips)
Once you know which shampoo ingredients to avoid, the next step is choosing better options for your hair and scalp.
1. Avoid Chemical Treatments
I used to get perms twice a year, but those days are over since I realized how toxic they are. Skip the perms and go natural if you can. If you really feel the need to add some color to your hair, try henna or at least do highlights instead of overall color to avoid chemicals being in contact with your scalp.
2. Buy or Make Toxin-free Products
Basically, you should start thinking about the ingredients in your hair products just like you think about what you eat. Read labels and be discerning about what you use on your hair.
I have a pretty simple routine now of a clean shampoo, this Apple Cider Vinegar Hair Rinse and clean hair products including this DIY Hair Spray or a clean alternative. This hair growth oil blend is nourishing for the scalp and hair so you might need fewer products.
Non-toxic Shampoos and Hair Care Products
It's hard to find non-toxic haircare that works well but I've found some great solutions.
- Shampoo: Poofy Organics Mighty Mane Shampoo is my favorite all-natural choice for your hair that I truly love. My hair feels so much stronger with this.
- Shampoo Bars: Both Poofy Organics and Rowe Casa have shampoo bars and Rowe Casa has a Conditioner Bar. The shampoo bar didn't work well for me, but many many people love both of their products.
You can get 20% off your first order at Rowe Casa with code WNM, and 10% off your first order at Poofy Organics with the same code.
Note: if you end up moving to healthier hair products, your hair might act kind of funky for a while. Typically this is a result of your hair losing the icky coatings. After that, you should be on to naturally nicer, healthier hair.
Hope that helps you move towards a more natural beauty routine. Cause a nice “do” for sure isn't very pretty if it makes you sick.
Now that you know which shampoo ingredients to avoid, will you do it?
Great information. Thanks.
What would you recommend for safe hair color? I don’t want to go grey I’m only 37. I Def don’t want to develop bladder cancer.
Hi Melissa.
Good question. I see this brand has a good rating on EWG: (affiliate link): https://amzn.to/2gGZmDP
I am taking an herb that is supposed to be great for hair color. This is my affiliate link there. You might be interested in the reviews and information there. https://www.hyperionherbs.com/?ap_id=WholeNewMom
I would love to have some recommendations for volumizer that doesn’t get gummy or itch.
I have fine swavy hair, and I have struggled with it all my life.
I used Aveda volumizer tonic the other day and it was fantastic! Now itching and burning my scalp. Any suggestions ladies?
I would look at the Beautycounter recommendation in the post. I love it. Holds great and really a little goes a long way.
Try Poofy Organics!
Loved this article!
Thanks much!
I’m so glad I discovered your blog! I was taking topomax for migraine issues and it made my hair fall out. I stopped it 6 mths ago and have been using rogaine to try and get some of it back! The hair loss finally tapered off and I am back to normal there but it still doesn’t seem to be replacing the hair in those areas where the loss was worse. I also have fine curly hair. I cut my hair short above the shoulders. Will your DIY blend help or is the RMO blend just as good? And I would assume I should stop the rogaine? Also- what shampoo would be best for me at this point? Thanks so much!!
Hi Sandy,
I’m glad you are here! And glad your hair loss is tapering it off. I know how hard that can be. I would say do whatever you like re: the make your own or buying the blend. I like my blend but just bought their blend too :). I can’t tell you to stop the rogaine – that’s up to you. I don’t know enough about minoxidil to say but of course it is a medication. I personally have been working on choosing a good shampoo – it’s not easy. It depends what you are looking for. In the post above you can see my reference to Morrocco Method. I like their products but you do need to go b/t different shampoos and you might not want to do that. There is also potentially a detox period. In the Neal’s Yard site I would probably recommend the Seaweed Shampoo. I tried the Rose and Lavender. I like them but feel that since my hair tends to be a little oily I am going to get the Seaweed instead. One of my friends has very fine thin hair and she said she really likes the Seaweed version. They have a 45 day return policy as well. I know others with thyroid issues who said they like the Seaweed Shampoo as well. Let me know if I can be of more help.
OMG – the hair loss has been so upsetting! Thanks so much for your quick responses – can’t wait to see your new blogs (and catch up on the old). I usually do two shampoos (alternating) at once. Right now I have Aveeno and Pureology. I’m almost out of both so wanted to try something that would be good to my hair – and I’ve been slowly moving to organics on many fronts. I also do the migraine trigger diet (mostly) which seems to help. You should look that one up! It’s in the Heal Your Headache book by David Buchholz. It eliminates a lot of preservatives – especially the many forms that MSG takes. You are right – would rather not detox or deal with a lot of shampoos. I usually do shampoo plus conditioner. Does the seaweed smell ok? I was leaning to the lavender! Glad to hear it on the return policy too. Thanks SO much for your help!! I’m just very happy to have discovered your page!! 🙂
I know. Really. I don’t know what Aveeno you are using but they often have things I don’t care for. Both brands seem to have artificial fragrance in them. So here are my thoughts….Again, I really like the MM shampoos, but I have 5 shampoos. I tried their samples. I overall feel my hair looks thicker but find it seems I have buildup in my hair and have heard others say that. The company says it’s detox but I don’t know. When I used the NYR shampoos the back of my hair was the prettiest I think it has ever been. I have fine wavy hair and it almost looked like I had used hot rollers (which I don’t have time for now!). I did feel that those 2 (lavender and rose) were a bit heavy for my bangs and scalp area which is why, in addition to the nourishing quality of seaweed, and the testimonials of 2 friends, I am going to buy that this time. I also know that using a DIY dry shampoo helps me a lot between shampoos and that gives me some fullness as well. I haven’t posted about that but it’s so simple – just some arrowroot, a little clay (sometimes) and depending on your hair color use a little cocoa. I haven’t smelled the seaweed shampoo but it has Rosemary Essential Oil in it so that is what it will smell like. I don’t get migraines, but I should look at that book. Does he caution you against eating gelatin in that book? I have done a lot of research into the MSG thing and some of it is malarky, in my humble opinion. I won’t eat MSG, but some of the other things aren’t well founded. If he is leaning on the Truth in Labeling info just I recommend taking it w/ a grain of salt.
I’m looking at the seaweed shampoo and conditioner now – but got distracted by the mascara and frankincense eye cream!! LOL! I’m super sensitive to stuff – and have been using OBvita organic creams, but don’t think they really help the puffy under eye stuff much. Back to the migraine stuff – he doesn’t say anything about jello. There are major categories to avoid – Caffeine, chocolate (I still eat that!), MSG, processed meats and fishes, cheese and other dairy (aged mainly, you can have fresh), nuts, alcohol and vinegar (you can have clear vinegar and I do ketchup/mayo/mustard), certain fruits/joices, certain veg, fresh baked yeast goods (wait a day – but I don’t), aspartame, and fermented like soy products. The diet seems to have helped me – I think my big triggers are the aged and fermented stuff as well as molds like mushrooms. I really miss the darn parmesan cheese though!! I also have the fine curly and wash every other day. So it sounds like seaweed! Do you also use the frankincense intense eye cream or the mascara?
Yes, the eye creams are really nice. The first ones that have worked for me.
I tried all of the eye creams. Can’t say I know which one works best, but currently I am using the Frankincense Eye and Lip Serum. I have heard repeated testimonials about the Frankincense Intense Eye Cream and just saw a friend the other day who just started using the Frankincense Intense Line and her face is clearly more youthful.
Typically the White Tea Gel is for dark circles and puffiness or irritated eyes from working. Rose protects from aging, the Lip and Eye is technically for fine lines around the eyes, but I think is has really helped my puffiness. The Frankincense should target the lines and puffy. I would say look at the reviews on the UK site and see what you think sounds best and try it. https://www.nealsyardremedies.com/
I love parm cheese too. I love nutritional yeast as an alternative.
I use the mascara. I was using another brand, Ava Anderson, but they had major labeling and ethics issues so I left them. I loved their mascara….but anyhow, at first I didn’t like NYR’s, but now I do. It takes 2 coats and is lighter than the Ava one, but I like how natural, yet enhancing it looks. It doesn’t take a lot of eye makeup remover to remove it either. Hope that helps.
It helps SO much!! The intense eye cream gets great reviews! Was thinking of getting that aging pack – looks like samples of each, but it doesn’t include the intense.
Nutritional yeast is an alternative to parm cheese?? really? Does it taste similar?
Sounds good on the mascara too – I hate having to remove makeup, especially mascara. 🙂
Thanks so much for all the answers!!
Yes, you would have to add the eye cream onto that kit. The kits are fairly new to the company – not sure why they didn’t put the eye cream in there, but seems those are just a separate category.
Nutritional yeast is kind of nutty / cheesy. Like in this recipe.
https://wholenewmom.com/recipes/dorito-flavored-popcorn-dairy-free/
You are welcome!
Hey girl I’m on a generic pill for Topamax. On it a year. Hair hasn’t fell out. But my hair has lost its body. It ust to have so much curl and wave to do it. Now it’s pretty flat. My doctor says it’s just natural aging. But I’m not convinced
My hair went curlier as I got older—-are you sure your hair hasn’t gotten thinner as in the strands are thinner?
I have been using a cleansing conditioner for 10 years and my hair is extremely healthy so I would not be “scared” of no-poo. My stylist told me that my color lasted longer than any of her clients and asked me what products I used. If you want to color your hair, don’t you at least want the results to last as long as possible? Thanks for the helpful tips!
Yes, of course you want that! Thank you!
I too have been using WEN (no poo) for years and also color my hair and my stylist has asked me what shampoo or product I use on my hair because it was so healthy and so manageable. I am a senior and have thin hair but after I wash it brings the fluff back into it very nice. I can go up to four days sometimes before I need to wash my hair again and not look greasy. I am very satisfied with this product.
Thanks. I have heard about it and it’s tempting, but their ingredients leave a little to be desired. Have you looked at them?
PEG-60 Almond Glycerides, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Amodimethicone, Polysorbate-60, Fragrance, Tetrasodium EDTA, Methylisothiazolinone, Methylchloroisothiazolinone (a “6” on EWG)
Fragrance is a big problem: https://wholenewmom.com/health-concerns/dangers-of-fragrances/
I think you would like Morocco Method if you like Wen. I think I have information in the post – check them out :)!
A HUGE problem ingredient in most shampoos, conditioners, soaps, cleansing wipes of many types, detergents, lotions, makeup, some toilet papers and more is the ingredient methylisothiazolinone (and the many varieties of isothiazolinone that have different prefixes). This is a neurotoxin and a chemical that can cause you to develop an allergy to it. Many people have mystery rashes and eczema that they attribute to extra sensitive skin and can’t figure out why even though they use all the “free and clear” or “sensitive skin” products they still react. Those products are free of fragrance and dyes but NOT isothiazolinones. It’s even in brands like Seventh Generation and Mrs.Meyers that claim to be hypoallergenic. It was the 2013 Allergen of the Year as voted by the American Contact Dermatitis Society yet many Drs., allergists and Dermatologists don’t think to test for it via a Patch test. Google it – VERY nasty and one that people need to hear about. Thanks for all you do!!
Yuck. Thanks so much for sharing. I hadn’t heard of that and you would think that I should have.